Fayl I/O (kirish/chiqish)

Bu bo'lim Python 3 da asosiy input/output (I/O) amallarini qamrab oladi.

print() bilan chiqish

print() qiymatlarni matnga aylantirib standard output'ga yozadi.

print("Python is a great programming language")
print("A", "B", "C", sep="-")

input() bilan klaviaturadan kiritish

Python 3 da input() doim string qaytaradi.

# Odatda input() orqali olinadigan qiymatlarni simulyatsiya qilamiz
name = "Alice"
age = 24
print(f"Hello {name}, next year you are {age + 1}")

Fayl o'qish

Fayl avtomatik yopilishi uchun with ishlating.

with open("notes.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f.write("learn python\n")
    f.write("File I/O is important\n")

with open("notes.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    content = f.read()
    print(content)

O'qish uchun keng tarqalgan metodlar:

• read() -> butun kontent
• readline() -> bitta qator
• readlines() -> qatorlar ro'yxati (list)

Faylga yozish

with open("notes.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f.write("learn python\n")
    f.write("File I/O is important\n")

Fayl mode'lari:

• "r" o'qish
• "w" yozish (overwrite qiladi)
• "a" qo'shib yozish (append)
• "x" yangi fayl yaratish
• Binary mode uchun "b" qo'shing ("rb", "wb")

Xavfsiz JSON I/O misoli

import json

data = {"name": "Alice", "level": "intermediate"}

with open("user.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    json.dump(data, f, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)

with open("user.json", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    loaded = json.load(f)

print(loaded)